Factores de riesgo de anemia en niños menores de edad en Latinoamérica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.3.2024.5260-5275Palabras clave:
Prevalencia; Tipos de Anemia; Sexo; EdadResumen
Introducción: La anemia es una afección clínica que se manifiesta por una disminución del número de glóbulos rojos o de la concentración de hemoglobina (Hb%) en la sangre por encima de un nivel óptimo. Debido a la disminución de la capacidad de transportar oxígeno, las personas anémicas sufren fatiga, debilidad y disminución del rendimiento físico y cognitivo. Objetivo: Se basó en analizar los factores de riesgo asociados con la anemia en niños menores de edad en Latinoamérica. Metodología: Fue principalmente una revisión sistemática de diseño Descriptivo-Analítico, en la cual se fundamentó la información con los metabuscadores como: Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, Google académicos entre otros. Resultados: Al analizar los factores de riesgo de anemia en las poblaciones pediátricas las condiciones socioeconómicas, el acceso inadecuado a alimentos ricos en micronutrientes, el estado nutricional deficiente y la escasa actividad física son los más prevalentes. Conclusión: Los factores de riesgo que contribuyen a la anemia infantil en distintos países ponen de relieve varias cuestiones clave las condiciones socioeconómicas, el acceso inadecuado a alimentos ricos en nutrientes, el mal estado nutricional y los bajos niveles de actividad física son factores de riesgo destacados
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