Síndrome diarreico agudo en población infantil asociado a rotavirus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.3.2024.5501-5021Palabras clave:
Gastroenteritis; Infección viral; Niños; RotavirusResumen
La infección por rotavirus (RV) es la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas a diarrea a nivel mundial entre niños menores de 5 años de edad. La proporción de hospitalizaciones por gastroenteritis aguda en niños menores de 5 años causadas por RV varía en todo el mundo, pero se ha informado que es del 30 al 40% tanto en países de altos como de bajos ingresos. El objetivo general de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia del síndrome diarreico agudo en población infantil asociado a rotavirus. La metodología utilizada se basó en un diseño de revisión sistemática documental de naturaleza descriptiva. Se consultaron bases de datos electrónicas como PubMed, Scielo, ScienceDirect y Google Scholar. En los resultados se observó que la prevalencia de la infección varía ampliamente entre las regiones, oscilando entre el 12% y el 66%, lo que indica diferencias en la exposición al rotavirus, las condiciones socioeconómicas y de salud pública, así como en las estrategias de prevención y manejo. En conclusión estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de fortalecer las medidas de vigilancia, prevención y control del rotavirus, incluida la vacunación, para reducir la carga de la enfermedad y mejorar la salud infantil a nivel global.
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