Efecto de las intervenciones dietéticas y de actividad física en los niveles de adiponectina en niños obesos

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.3.2024.3922-3941

Palabras clave:

Obesidad infantil; adipocinas; ejercicio físico; nutrición del niño

Resumen

La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública caracterizado por un estado inflamatorio de bajo grado, asociada a diferentes comorbilidades cardiometabólicas. El exceso de tejido adiposo ocasiona un desbalance hormonal de adipocinas involucradas en la fisiopatología de la obesidad. Las adipocinas más relevantes son la leptina y la adiponectina. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el efecto de las intervenciones dietéticas y actividad física sobre los niveles de adiponectina en niños obesos. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura utilizando la metodología PRISMA sobre el efecto de las intervenciones dietéticas y de actividad física en los niveles de adiponectina en niños obesos durante el periodo 2019-2024. Los resultados de las intervenciones dietéticas, y la actividad física benefician la hipoadiponectinemia en los niños obesos. La hipoadiponectinemia mejora en pacientes que realizan ejercicio aeróbico regular acompañado de una dieta saludable lo que permite obtener una hiperadiponectinemia clínicamente beneficiosa para niños y adolescentes con obesidad. En conclusión, el ejercicio aeróbico tiene un efecto positivo en los niveles de adiponectina en niños y adolescentes obesos mediado principalmente por la pérdida de peso, mientras que, en las intervenciones dietéticas, la alimentación de bajo índice glucémico aumenta los niveles de adiponectina y disminuye los niveles de leptina en niños obesos.

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    Cited

    DOI: 10.56048DOI

Biografía del autor/a

Anthony Fernando González-Asqui, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

Licenciado en Laboratorio Clínico

Luis Daniel Pombosa-Manobanda, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

Médico General

Gerardo Fernando Fernández-Soto, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

PhD en Ciencias Médicas

Lorena Abigail López-López, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

Investigadora Independiente

Citas

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Publicado

2024-08-24

Cómo citar

González-Asqui, A. F., Pombosa-Manobanda, L. D., Fernández-Soto, G. F., & López-López, L. A. (2024). Efecto de las intervenciones dietéticas y de actividad física en los niveles de adiponectina en niños obesos . MQRInvestigar, 8(3), 3922–3941. https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.3.2024.3922-3941