Terapéutica con anticuerpos monoclonales en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.3.2024.2739-2760

Palabras clave:

enfermedad de alzheimer; demencia; anticuerpo monoclonal; apolipoproteína

Resumen

Introducción: La enfermedad de Alzheimer es una patología neurodegenerativa lenta y progresiva, se caracteriza por deterioro cognitivo y disminución de la independencia de actividades personales diarias.

Objetivo: Identificar los principales avances obtenidos en los últimos 5 años acerca de la terapia con anticuerpos monoclonales en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión sistemática basada en la búsqueda de estudios, ensayos y metaanálisis mediante los buscadores Google y Google académico y a través de bases de datos nacionales e internacionales como son: BVS, Dialnet, Medline, Scielo y Elsevier, Mediagraphic, Springer, Scopus.

Resultados: Al utilizar como opción terapéutica anticuerpos monoclonales no se evidencias cambios significativos ya sea si se actúa al inicio o en el proceso avanzado de la enfermedad por lo que se requiere más estudios para poder establecer su uso, sin embargo, queda claro que los anticuerpos monoclonales contra Aβ pueden efectivamente mejorar las actividades de la vida diaria.

Conclusiones: Debido a la limitación en el número de ensayos disponibles, solo se encontró significancia estadística para bapineuzumab, un anticuerpo dirigido contra el extremo N de Aβ. Este no solo demostró capacidad para mejorar la cognición y la función, sino que también mostró mejoras en las actividades de la vida diaria en términos de eficacia. Sin embargo, es importante señalar que la administración de bapineuzumab estuvo asociada con la ocurrencia de eventos adversos graves por lo que requiere de más análisis al momento de recomendar su uso.

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    DOI: 10.56048DOI

Biografía del autor/a

Johanna Abigail Maliza-Moposita, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

Interna de medicina

Luis Fabián Salazar-Garcés, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

Docente/Tutor

Citas

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Publicado

2024-08-05

Cómo citar

Maliza-Moposita, J. A., & Salazar-Garcés, L. F. (2024). Terapéutica con anticuerpos monoclonales en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. MQRInvestigar, 8(3), 2739–2760. https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.3.2024.2739-2760