Complicaciones intra y post operatorias de las histerectomías: laparoscópica, abdominal y vaginal en mujeres adultas.
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https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.7.3.2023.2915-2948Palabras clave:
histerectomía, indicaciones, factores de riesgo, complicacionesResumen
Objetivo: describir las complicaciones intra y post operatorias de las histerectomías: laparoscópica, abdominal y vaginal en mujeres adultas. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica basada en criterios de selección que abarcaron artículos publicados desde 2018 hasta la fecha. Las fuentes consultadas incluyeron bases de datos reconocidas como Scopus, Scielo, JAMA, Redalyc, Pubmed, ScienceDirect y SpringerLink. Se emplearon términos de búsqueda como "Histerectomía", "Hysterectomy", "Histerectomía Vaginal", "Colpohisterectomía" y "Vaginal Hysterectomy". A partir de esta búsqueda, se seleccionaron 44 estudios que sirvieron como base para la investigación. Resultados: la histerectomía es una cirugía común en mujeres, cuyas indicaciones dependen del tipo de procedimiento y la condición clínica del paciente. Esta intervención puede presentar complicaciones, las cuales están influenciadas por diversos factores, entre ellos el IMC del paciente y la experiencia del cirujano. Existen diferentes técnicas de histerectomía, cada una con su propio perfil de complicaciones. Es esencial que, al seleccionar la técnica, se considere la situación clínica del paciente y la experiencia del cirujano para minimizar los riesgos asociados. Conclusiones: la histerectomía es una intervención esencial en la salud ginecológica, pero no está exenta de riesgos. La elección de la técnica quirúrgica y la experiencia del cirujano son determinantes en el resultado postoperatorio. Es imperativo que los profesionales de la salud estén bien informados y capacitados para seleccionar el procedimiento adecuado, adaptado a las necesidades y condiciones de cada paciente, con el objetivo de garantizar una recuperación segura y eficaz.
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