Factores de resistencia a carbapenémicos y su relación con la mortalidad de pacientes COVID-19 con Acinetobacter Baumannii en Hospital de Santa Elena, 2021-2023

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.2.2024.977-996

Palabras clave:

Acinetobacter baumannii; resistencia a carbapenémicos; COVID-19; mortalidad; factores de riesgo; unidad de cuidados intensivos

Resumen

La resistencia a los antibióticos carbapenémicos en Acinetobacter baumannii es un problema de salud pública de creciente importancia, especialmente en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores de resistencia a carbapenémicos de A. baumannii en pacientes con COVID-19 internados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) del Hospital de Santa Elena, Ecuador, y su asociación con la tasa de mortalidad durante el período 2021-2023. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo en el que se analizaron las historias clínicas de 64 pacientes con COVID-19 y la infección por A. baumannii en UCI. Se evaluó la prevalencia de A. baumannii, la resistencia a carbapenémicos y su asociación con factores como edad, estancia hospitalaria, comorbilidades y ventilación mecánica. Además, se determinó la asociación entre la resistencia y la mortalidad mediante pruebas de chi-cuadrado. La prevalencia de A. baumannii en pacientes con COVID-19 fue del 25%. El 83% de los pacientes aislados fueron resistentes a los carbapenémicos imipenem y meropenem. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre la resistencia a carbapenémicos y una mayor tasa de mortalidad (62% vs. 38%, p = 0,007). Factores como la edad avanzada, la estancia hospitalaria prolongada, las comorbilidades y la ventilación mecánica se asociaron con una mayor resistencia a carbapenémicos (p < 0,05). Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de implementar medidas de control de infecciones y optimizar el uso de antibióticos para abordar la amenaza de la resistencia antimicrobiana en entornos hospitalarios.

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    Cited

    DOI: 10.56048DOI

Biografía del autor/a

Trinidad Floripida Sánchez-Vera, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA ESTATAL DE BABAHOYO

Lic. En Laboratorio Clínico

Irma Gisella Parrales-Pincay, UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL DEL SUR DE MANABÍ

Lic. En Laboratorio Clínico

Daniel Clodomiro Macías-Aguiar`, ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITÉCNICA DEL LITORAL

Estudiante de Nutrición y Dietética

Citas

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Publicado

2024-04-23

Cómo citar

Sánchez-Vera, T. F., Parrales-Pincay, I. G., & Macías-Aguiar`, D. C. (2024). Factores de resistencia a carbapenémicos y su relación con la mortalidad de pacientes COVID-19 con Acinetobacter Baumannii en Hospital de Santa Elena, 2021-2023. MQRInvestigar, 8(2), 977–996. https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.8.2.2024.977-996

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